Common IT careers and their associated tech stacks

type

status

date

slug

summary

AI, Data & Machine Learning

Data Analyst

Tech Stack: SQL, Excel, Tableau / Power BI, Python (Pandas, Matplotlib), Statistics, Data Cleaning

Data Scientist

Tech Stack: Python/R, Scikit-learn, Pandas, TensorFlow, Jupyter, SQL, Machine Learning, Data Visualization

Data Engineer

Tech Stack: Python/Scala, Hadoop, Spark, Kafka, Airflow, ETL Pipelines, SQL, Snowflake, BigQuery

Machine Learning Engineer

Tech Stack: Python, TensorFlow/PyTorch, Scikit-learn, ML Ops, Feature Engineering, Docker, AWS SageMaker

Deep Learning Engineer

Tech Stack: PyTorch, TensorFlow, CNNs, RNNs, LSTM, GANs, CUDA, GPU Optimization, Large Datasets

AI Algorithm Engineer

Tech Stack: Data Structures, Algorithms, Python/C++, TensorFlow, Custom Model Development, Optimization

NLP Engineer

Tech Stack: SpaCy, NLTK, HuggingFace Transformers, BERT/GPT, Tokenization, Text Classification, LLM Fine-Tuning

Computer Vision Engineer

Tech Stack: OpenCV, PyTorch, YOLO, TensorFlow, Image Processing, CNNs, Object Detection, ImageNet

Big Data Developer

Tech Stack: Hadoop, Spark, Hive, Kafka, Flink, Scala/Java, HDFS, NoSQL (HBase, Cassandra)

Software Development & Engineering

Software Engineer

Tech Stack: Programming Languages (Java, C++, Python), Git, OOP, Databases (MySQL, PostgreSQL), REST APIs, Software Design Patterns

Front-end Developer

Tech Stack: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, React / Vue / Angular, Webpack, Sass, TypeScript, Figma (for UI handoff), REST/GraphQL

Back-end Developer

Tech Stack: Node.js / Java / Python / Go / .NET, Express / Django / Spring, SQL/NoSQL Databases, REST APIs, OAuth2, JWT, Docker

Full Stack Developer

Tech Stack: Combination of front-end + back-end (React + Node.js, or Angular + Django), Git, Docker, CI/CD, API integration

Mobile App Developer

Tech Stack: Swift (iOS), Kotlin (Android), React Native / Flutter, Firebase, SQLite, REST APIs, App Store / Google Play Deployment

Embedded Software Engineer

Tech Stack: C/C++, RTOS, Assembly, Microcontrollers (ARM, AVR), UART/SPI/I2C, Embedded Linux, Oscilloscopes, Logic Analyzers

Game Developer

Tech Stack: Unity (C#), Unreal Engine (C++), Blender, OpenGL, DirectX, Game Physics, AI Pathfinding, Git, Shader Programming

System Architect

Tech Stack: System Design, UML, Microservices, Cloud Architecture (AWS/GCP), Load Balancing, Caching (Redis), Kubernetes

QA / Test Engineer

Tech Stack: Selenium, JUnit/TestNG, Postman, Python/Java for scripting, Bug Tracking Tools (JIRA), Manual + Automated Testing

Automation Test Engineer

Tech Stack: Selenium, Cypress, Puppeteer, Appium, CI/CD (Jenkins), Scripting (Python, Bash), BDD Tools (Cucumber)

DevOps Engineer

Tech Stack: Docker, Kubernetes, Jenkins, Ansible, Terraform, Linux, AWS/GCP/Azure, Prometheus + Grafana, CI/CD Pipelines

Network & Systems

Network Administrator

Tech Stack: Cisco (CCNA/CCNP), Routing/Switching, TCP/IP, DNS/DHCP, Firewalls, Wireshark, VLANs, SNMP

Network Engineer

Tech Stack: Network Protocols, Cisco/Juniper Devices, BGP, OSPF, VPNs, Load Balancers, Firewalls, SD-WAN

System Administrator

Tech Stack: Windows Server / Linux, Active Directory, Bash/PowerShell, Virtualization (VMware), Monitoring Tools (Nagios)

System Engineer

Tech Stack: System Deployment, Configuration Management (Ansible/Puppet), Cloud Platforms, Virtualization, CI/CD

Cloud Engineer

Tech Stack: AWS / GCP / Azure, EC2, S3, Lambda, IAM, Terraform, Docker, Kubernetes, CloudWatch / Stackdriver

Cloud Architect

Tech Stack: Cloud Design Patterns, Multi-Cloud Strategy, Cost Optimization, CI/CD, Kubernetes, Terraform, Security Compliance

Site Reliability Engineer (SRE)

Tech Stack: Python/Go, Kubernetes, Prometheus/Grafana, Monitoring/Alerting Systems, SLAs/SLIs/SLOs, Incident Response, Chaos Engineering

Cybersecurity & InfoSec

Information Security Engineer

Tech Stack: Network Security, Firewalls, SIEM, IDS/IPS, Compliance (ISO27001, GDPR), Threat Modeling

Cybersecurity Engineer

Tech Stack: Penetration Tools (Metasploit, Burp Suite), Kali Linux, Wireshark, SIEM, Security Protocols, Python Scripting

Penetration Tester (Ethical Hacker)

Tech Stack: Nmap, Nessus, Metasploit, Burp Suite, OSINT, Kali Linux, Manual Exploitation, Report Writing

Security Analyst

Tech Stack: SIEM (Splunk, QRadar), Threat Hunting, Log Analysis, Incident Response, Security Dashboards

SOC Analyst

Tech Stack: Security Alerts Monitoring, Splunk, ELK Stack, Threat Intelligence, Incident Handling Procedures

Security Architect

Tech Stack: Enterprise Security Architecture, Zero Trust, Encryption Standards, Cloud Security, IAM, Risk Assessment

Cryptography Engineer

Tech Stack: AES, RSA, ECC, TLS, OpenSSL, Key Management Systems (KMS), Secure Protocol Design

Product, Project & Ops

Product Manager (PM)

Tech Stack: Agile, JIRA, Figma, Roadmapping Tools, SQL (for data insights), A/B Testing, Business Analysis

Technical Product Manager

Tech Stack: Same as PM + APIs, Postman, Basic Coding (JavaScript, Python), CI/CD Understanding, Cloud Concepts

Project Manager

Tech Stack: MS Project, JIRA, Trello, Asana, Agile/Scrum, Gantt Charts, PMP Certification

Scrum Master / Agile Coach

Tech Stack: Scrum Framework, Agile Tools (JIRA, Azure DevOps), Sprint Planning, Coaching Teams, Agile Ceremonies

Operations Engineer

Tech Stack: Linux, Monitoring (Zabbix, Grafana), Bash/Python, Automation Tools, Incident Response

Technical Support Engineer

Tech Stack: Troubleshooting, Windows/Linux, Remote Desktop, Ticketing Systems, Networking Basics

IT Service Manager

Tech Stack: ITIL, ServiceNow, SLA Management, Incident/Problem/Change Management

Hardware & Support

IT Support / Helpdesk

Tech Stack: Windows/Linux OS, Active Directory, Hardware Troubleshooting, Remote Tools, Ticketing Systems

System Integration Engineer

Tech Stack: APIs, Scripting, Middleware, Web Services (SOAP, REST), Integration Platforms (MuleSoft, Dell Boomi)

Server Administrator

Tech Stack: Linux/Windows Server, Virtualization, RAID, Monitoring Tools, Backup Systems

Hardware Engineer

Tech Stack: PCB Design, Circuit Simulation, FPGA, Soldering, Testing Equipment, CAD Software (Altium, Eagle)

Cabling Technician

Tech Stack: Ethernet Cabling, Fiber Optics, Network Diagrams, Punch Down Tools, OTDR Testing

IT Education & Consulting

IT Trainer

Tech Stack: LMS Tools, Presentation Software, Hands-on Lab Environments, Certification Knowledge (e.g., CompTIA, AWS)

EdTech Specialist

Tech Stack: Learning Management Systems (Moodle, Canvas), SCORM, eLearning Tools, EdTech APIs

Technical Writer

Tech Stack: Markdown, Documentation Tools (Confluence, GitBook), API Docs, Diagrams (Draw.io), Git

IT Consultant

Tech Stack: Varies widely – should know systems integration, business processes, client communication, documentation

Emerging Tech Roles

Blockchain Developer

Tech Stack: Solidity, Ethereum, Smart Contracts, Web3.js, Truffle, Hardhat, IPFS

Web3 Engineer

Tech Stack: Web3.js / Ethers.js, Smart Contracts, Solidity, NFTs, DApps, MetaMask, IPFS, DeFi protocols

AR/VR Developer

Tech Stack: Unity, Unreal Engine, ARKit, ARCore, 3D Modeling (Blender), C#/C++, OpenXR

Robotics Software Engineer

Tech Stack: ROS (Robot Operating System), C++/Python, SLAM, Path Planning, Embedded Systems, Sensors

Autonomous Driving Engineer

Tech Stack: Computer Vision, LiDAR/Camera Fusion, Sensor Calibration, Deep Learning, ROS, C++/Python

Low-code/No-code Developer

Tech Stack: PowerApps, OutSystems, Mendix, Bubble.io, Zapier, Airtable, APIs (for integration)